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我国硫化物固态电解质研发取得新进展

2024-07-05

     New progress in the research and development of sulfide solid electrolytes

  近期,我国在硫化物固态电解质领域的研发取得新进展。

  据市场消息,欧阳明高院士工作站(四川新能源汽车创新中心)在全固态电池中的关键材料——“硫化物电解质”的研发中取得阶段性进展。

  据介绍,该中心研发的纳米级“硫化物电解质”即将进入量产阶段,目前正在规划一条年产百吨级的中试线,预计在今年年底动工建设。待中试线运行顺利后,计划在2026年前,该中心还将建设一条千吨级的量产线。

  另据中国科学技术大学官网消息,该校马骋教授开发的一种用于全固态电池的新型硫化物固态电解质,不仅可以展示硫化物固态电解质固有优势,还具有适合商业化的低廉成本。

  据报道,6月30日,该成果发表在国际著名学术期刊《德国应用化学》上。在此次研究中,马骋开发了一种不以硫化锂作为原料的硫化物固态电解质——氧硫化磷锂。其以成本低廉的水合氢氧化锂和硫化磷作为原材料合成,因此其原材料成本仅14.42美元/公斤。

  从研发来看,目前业界对于固态电解质技术路线的选择尚未统一,以氧化物、聚合物与硫化物等为主要研发方向。

  目前,中国、日本、韩国多家电池企业选择的是硫化物固态电解质路线,这种材料可以使电解质电导率提高,且加工性好。

  业内专家认为,进展比较快的硫化物路线,率先量产的可行性较大。不过,目前没有一种电解质十全十美,比如,聚合物电解质的离子电导率和氧化稳定性都较差;氧化物电解质太坚硬,会导致刚性界面接触问题;硫化物电解质容易与空气中的水产生有毒气体,制备工艺复杂且成本较高。当然,在各国科学家的努力下,各个路线都有一些针对性的技术出来。

  目前,根据三种技术路线的优缺点,中国行业机构、电池企业有着不同偏好,并已进行相关的布局。随着技术的不断创新,也将进一步助力我国固态电解质技术领跑全球市场。

New progress in the research and development of sulfide solid electrolytes
Recently, China has made new progress in the research and development of sulfide solid electrolytes.

According to market news, Academician Ouyang Minggao's workstation (Sichuan New Energy Vehicle Innovation Center) has made phased progress in the research and development of the key material in all solid state batteries - "sulfide electrolyte".

It is reported that the nanoscale "sulfide electrolyte" developed by the center is about to enter the mass production stage. Currently, a pilot line with an annual production capacity of 100 tons is being planned, and construction is expected to start by the end of this year. After the successful operation of the pilot line, it is planned to build a thousand ton production line at the center before 2026.

According to the official website of the University of Science and Technology of China, Professor Ma Cheng has developed a new type of sulfide solid electrolyte for all solid state batteries, which not only demonstrates the inherent advantages of sulfide solid electrolytes, but also has a low cost suitable for commercialization.

According to reports, on June 30th, the achievement was published in the internationally renowned academic journal "German Applied Chemistry". In this study, Ma Cheng developed a sulfide solid electrolyte - lithium phosphate oxide sulfide - that does not use lithium sulfide as a raw material. It is synthesized using low-cost hydrated lithium hydroxide and phosphorus sulfide as raw materials, resulting in a raw material cost of only $14.42/kg.

From the perspective of research and development, the industry has not yet unified the selection of solid-state electrolyte technology routes, with oxides, polymers, and sulfides as the main research and development directions.

At present, many battery companies in China, Japan, and South Korea have chosen the sulfide solid electrolyte route, which can improve the electrolyte conductivity and has good processability.

Industry experts believe that the sulfide route with relatively fast progress is more feasible for mass production first. However, currently there is no perfect electrolyte, for example, polymer electrolytes have poor ion conductivity and oxidation stability; The oxide electrolyte is too hard, which can lead to rigid interface contact problems; Sulfide electrolytes are prone to producing toxic gases with water in the air, resulting in complex preparation processes and high costs. Of course, with the efforts of scientists from various countries, targeted technologies have been developed for each route.

At present, based on the advantages and disadvantages of the three technological routes, Chinese industry institutions and battery companies have different preferences and have made relevant layouts. With the continuous innovation of technology, it will further help China's solid-state electrolyte technology lead the global market.